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Understanding Citations of Treasury Regulations

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Understanding how to cite Treasury Regulations is crucial to being able to find the regulations relevant to a tax case.  This is why I devote this brief essay to explaining the location and basics of citation of Treasury Regulations.

Treasury Regulations are located in Title 26 of the Code of Federal Regulations (“C.F.R.”).  This corresponds to title 26 of the United States Code.

The overall form of citation is as follows: C.F.R. part number, a decimal point, a Code section number, a dash, and a number of further subdivisions.  The “C.F.R. part number” basically indicates the general nature of the regulations – i.e. to what area is the regulation related.  The numbers are assigned to areas in the following way: “1″ relates to income tax, “20″ relates to estate tax, “25″ relates to gift tax; “31″ relates to employment tax (withholding), “301″ relates to administration and procedure, and “601″ relates to the Commissioner’s rules.

Let’s look at a specific example and try to decipher what it says at according to the general form described above: Treas. Reg. § 1.162-1.  “Treas. Reg.” is a common form of abbreviation of “Treasury Regulations”; “1″ is a C.F.R. part number which tells the reader that this regulation relates to the income tax;  “162″ is a Code section number which specifically discusses the deduction of business expenses; “ dash 1″ indicates a citation to the first subdivision of the regulation.  In sum, Treas. Reg. § 1.162-1 refers directly to a first subdivision of the regulation with respect to business expense deduction from income tax.

The ability to quickly read, understand, and find a relevant treasury regulation is just one of the many skills that an experienced tax attorney needs to have.

Getting Prior Year Tax Information from the IRS

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If you need to obtain certain prior year tax return information, it is possible to a copy of the actual processed return from the IRS. Often, however, the information you need may be contained in a tax transcript, which can also be obtained directly from the IRS.

Tax Return Transcript versus Tax Account Transcript

There are two types of tax transcripts: tax return transcript and tax account transcript.

A tax return transcript shows most line items from your tax return as it was originally filed, including any accompanying forms and schedules. It does not, however, reflect any changes made after the return was filed.

On the other hand, a tax account transcript shows any later adjustments either you or the IRS made after the tax return was filed. However, a tax account transcript reveals only the most basic data, such as marital status, type of return filed, adjusted gross income and taxable income, is included in the transcript.

Obtaining Transcripts

There are three ways to order either type of transcripts: on the phone (800-908-9946), online (the IRS website), and by mail. If you choose to obtain your tax transcript by mail, you need to figure out which form you need to file.

1. 1040, 1040A, 1040EZ tax return transcript: you will need to complete and mail Form 4506T-EZ.

2. Business Forms and Other Individual Forms: you will need to complete and mail Form Form 4506T, Request for Transcript of Tax Return.

If you order online or by phone, you should receive your tax return transcript within 5 to 10 days from the time the IRS receives your request. Allow 30 calendar days for delivery of a tax account transcript if you order by mail using Form 4506T or Form 4506T-EZ.

The IRS does not charge a fee for transcripts, which are presently available for the current tax year as well as the past three tax years.

Obtaining Actual Copy of a Previously-Processed Tax Return

If you need an actual copy of a previously processed tax return, it will cost $57 for each tax year that you order. You need to complete and mail (to appropriate address) Form 4506, Request for Copy of Tax Return. Copies are generally available for the current year as well as the past six years. The general wait period is about 60 days.

Contact Us

If you have any tax questions, contact Sherayzen Law Office to discuss your case with an experienced Minneapolis tax attorney.